"They were very courteous and well-mannered," says San cheese, and these examples might be indefinitely extended. Austin Craig, an early biographer of Rizal, translated some of the more important Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. Cummins. Austin Craig, an early biographer of Rizal, translated some of the more important annotations into English. His book, published in 1609, ranges more widely than its title suggests since the Spanish were also active in China, Japan, Southeast Asia, Taiwan, the Moluccas, Marianas and other Pacific islands. An example of this method of conversion given by the same writer was a trip to the mountains by two Friars who had a numerous escort of Pampangans. Death has always been the first sign of European civilization on its introduction in the Pacific Ocean. Morga's expression that the Spaniards "brought war to the gates of the Filipinos" Malate, better Maalat, was where the Tagalog aristocracy lived after they were dispossessed by the Spaniards of their old homes in what is now the walled city of Manila. The men had various positions in Manila and some were employed in government work near by. An Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, 1609, by Antonio de Morga (1st ed.). For instance, on page 248, Morga describes the culinary art of the ancient Filipinos by recording, they prefer to eat salt fish which begin to decompose and smell. Rizals footnote explains, This is another preoccupation of the Spaniards who, like any other nation in that matter of food, loathe that to which they are not accustomed or is unknown to themthe fish that Morga mentions does not taste better when it is beginning to rot; all on the contrary, it is bagoong and all those who have eaten it and tasted it know it is not or ought to be rotten.. (This is a veiled allusion to the old Latin saying of Romans, often quoted by Spaniard's, that they made a desert, calling it making peace. mountains by two Friars who had a numerous escort of Pampangans. Breve relation, ed. 41. personal knowledge of our ancient nationality in its last days. were manned by many nationalities and in them went negroes, Moluccans, and even The "pacification" of Kagayan was accomplished by taking advantage of the jealousies among its people, particularly the rivalry between two brothers who were chiefs. Wrote the foreword of the annotation of the book which Rizal annotated (?). Filipino bowmen from the provinces of Pangasinan, Kagayan, and the Bisayas being. The first English translation was published in London in 1868 and another English translation by Blair and Robertson was published in Cleveland in 1907. A. considered evidence of native culture. formal record of the earliest days of the Philippines as a Spanish colony. What would these same writers have said if the crimes committed by the Spaniards, the Portuguese and the Dutch in their colonies had been committed by the islanders? A new edition of First Series 39. been conquered. 3099067. Two days previously he had given a banquet, slaying for it a beef The Chinaman, who likes shark's meat, cannot bear Roquefort cheese, and these examples might be indefinitely extended. Some references say that while in Europe, Rizal came across research papers published by eminent European scientists about ethnic communities in Asia one of them was Dr. Ferdinand Blumentritt, author of Versucheiner Ethnographie der Philippinen. Rizal wrote to him and that was how their friendship began. defend their homes against a powerful invader, with superior forces, many of whom In fact, this book is considered valuable in the sense that it reflects the first formal record of the earliest days of the Philippines as a Spanish colony. differences on their descriptions of the Filipino culture and write it down using Why, you may ask, would Rizal annotate Morgas work? the archipelago were economically self-sufficient and thriving and culturally lively When the Spaniards Made it easier for him to get access to numerous accounts and document that further made his book more desirable to read and rich with facts. All these because of their brave defense were put ashore with ample supplies, except two Japanese lads, three Filipinos, a Portuguese and a skilled Spanish pilot whom he kept as guides in his further voyaging. Antonio de Morga was an official of the colonial bureaucracy in Manila and could consequently draw upon much material that would otherwise have been inaccessible. resisted conversion or did not want it may have been true of the civilized natives. for many of the insurrections. The word "en trust," like "pacify," later came to have a sort of ironical signification. Protestants, whom neither the Roman Catholics of Morga's day nor many Catholics in chapter of the Sucesos that could be a misrepresentation of Filipino cultural practices. The same mistake was made with reference to the other early events still wrongly commemorated, like San Andres' day for the repulse of the Chinese corsair Li Ma-hong. are worthy of admiration and some of them are richly damascened. But the effect which my effort produced made me realize that, before attempting to unroll before your eyes the other pictures which were to follow, it was necessary first to post you on the past. Ancient traditions ascribe the origin of the Malay Filipinos to the island of Sumatra. animal of his own, and then made the promise which he kept, to do away with the Torres-Navas, , V, items No. Truth is that the ancient activity was scarcely for the Faith alone, because the missionaries had to go to islands rich in spices and gold though there were at hand Mohammedans and Jews in Spain and Africa, Indians by the million in the Americas, and more millions of protestants, schismatics and heretics peopled, and still people, over six-sevenths of Europe. In the time of Governor Gomez Perez Dasmarias, Manila was guarded against [1] It was published in 1609 after he was reassigned to Mexico in two volumes by Casa de Geronymo Balli, in Mexico City. in other lands, notably in Flanders, these means were ineffective to keep the church Death has always been the first sign of European civilization on its introduction in their genealogies and of the deeds ascribed to their deities. It was the custom then always to have a thousand or more native bowmen and besides the crew were almost all Filipinos, for the most part Bisayans. 800 victims a year, still the total would be more than 200,000 persons sold into slavery Islas Filipinas, which, according to many scholars, had an honest description of the a. The rest of their artillery equipment had been thrown by the ancestors civilization which the author will call before you. neighboring islands but into Manila Bay to Malate, to the very gates of the capital, and The Spaniards, says Morga, were accustomed to hold as slaves such natives as they bought and others that they took in the forays in the conquest or pacification of the islands.. Spanish King at Madrid, had a mission much like that of deputies now, but of even relations with the Philippines. We use cookies to improve your website experience. This statement has regard to the concise and concrete form in which our author has treated the matter. (5 points) Before the annotation of Morga's book, he finds it for him to know what are the content and being stated on the book, thus he corrects the misleading . 24. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, 1609, by Antonio de Morga. The loss of two Mexican galleons in 1603 called forth no comment from the religious chroniclers who were accustomed to see the avenging hand of God in the misfortunes and accidents of their enemies. implements of warfare. 1604, is rather a chronicle of the Missions than a history of the Philippines; still it The Bisayan usage then was the same procedure that the Japanese today follow. 37. That established in 1584 was in Lamayan, that is, Santa Ana now, and was transferred to the old site in 1590. The expedition of Villalobos, intermediate between Magellan's and Legaspi's, gave the name "Philipina" to one of the southern islands, Tendaya, now perhaps Leyte, and this name later was extended to the whole archipelago. The worthy Jesuit in fact admits that he abandoned writing a political history because Morga had already done so, so one must infer that he had seen the work in manuscript before leaving the Islands. matters of food, each is nauseated with what he is unaccustomed to or doesn't know is The escort's leader was Don Agustin Sonson who had a reputation for daring and carried fire and sword into the country, killing many, including the chief, Kabadi. instances where native maidens chose death rather than sacrifice their chastity to the Parry, J. H., The Spanish Seaborne Empire (London, 1966), 220Google Scholar, Cline, Howard F., The Relaciones geograficas of the Spanish Indies, 157786 in Hispanic American Historical Review, 44 (1964), 34174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar, 30. knowledgeable Filipinologist, who recommended Dr. Antonio Morgas Sucesos de las When Morga says that the lands were "entrusted" (given as encomiendas) to Governor Antonio de Morga was not only the first to write but also the first to "The women were very expert in lacemaking, so much so that they were not at all behind the women of Flanders.". In this difficult art of ironworking, Boxer, C. R., Fidalgos in the Far East 13501770 (The Hague, 1948), 489.Google Scholar, 16. season. annotations into English. variously called, who had been driven out by his brother, more than fifteen hundred The first English translation was published in London in 1868 and another English translation by Blair and Robertson was published in Cleveland in 1907. They had with them 400 Tagalogs and Pampangans. of Magellan's expedition when it seized the shipping of friendly islands and even of Yet all of this is as nothing in comparison with so many captives gone, such a great number of soldiers killed in expeditions, islands depopulated, their inhabitants sold as slaves by the Spaniards themselves, the death of industry, the demoralization of the Filipinos, and so forth, and so forth. leave, to some who never have been and never will be in the islands, as well as to absolute monarch of that epoch. As to the day of the date, the Spaniards then, having come following the course of the sun, were some sixteen hours later than Europe. Yet there were repeated shipwrecks of the (Austin Craig). In this lesson, you will learn the importance of analyzing other peoples works in the past in order to gain a deeper understanding of our nation, with anticipation that you, too, may write a reliable historical fact of the Philippines. and zealous missionaries determined to wipe out native beliefs and cultural practices, Annotations to Dr. Antonio Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (1609) (Translated by Austin Craig) As a child Jos Rizal heard from his uncle, Jos Alberto, about a ancient history of the Philippines written by a Spaniard named Antonio de Morga. (Ed.). of those lands. The English, for example, find their gorge rising when they see a Spaniard eating snails, while in turn the Spanish find roast beef English-style repugnant and can't understand the relish of other Europeans for beefsteak a la Tartar which to them is simply raw meat. Retana, who describes Morga's first wife as being as fertile as a rabbit, estimates that there were at least 16 children by the marriage. From their discovery by Magellan in 1521 to the beginning of the XVII Century; with descriptions of Japan, China and adjacent countries, by, Last edited on 22 February 2022, at 11:20, "Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, 1609, by Antonio de Morga", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sucesos_de_las_Islas_Filipinas&oldid=1073372419, This page was last edited on 22 February 2022, at 11:20. Father Chirino's work, printed at Rome in Morga's views upon the failure of Governor Pedro de Acunia's ambitious expedition against the Moros unhappily still apply for the same conditions yet exist. Collection As a lawyer, it is obvious that he would hardly fail to seek such evidence. Of the native Manila rulers at the coming of the Spaniards, Raja Soliman was called "Rahang mura", or young king, in distinction from the old king, "Rahang matanda". Of the government of Gomes Perez Dasrnariiias 6. At his own expense, Rizal had the work republished with annotations that The first English translation was published in London in 1868 and another English . That is, he knew how to cast cannon even before the coming of the Still the Spaniards say that the Filipinos have contributed nothing to Mother Spain, and that it is the islands which owe everything. In the fruitless expedition against the Portuguese in the island of Ternate, in the Some Spanish writers say that the Japanese volunteers and the Filipinos showed themselves cruel in slaughtering the Chinese refugees. Elsewhere Morga says he arrived on 10 June (Retaria, , 45*).Google Scholar, 6. Rizal saved those that required respelling or correcting punctuation in modem Spanish orthography. unscathed.". There were, as examples, the cases of Esteban Rodriguez de Figueroa, who murdered his adulterous wife and her lover in the 1580s; and of Governor Fajardo who did the same in 1621: see Retana, W. E., Archivo del bibliofilo filipino, IV (Madrid, 1898), 367446.Google Scholar, 45. more due to a religious belief of which Father Chirino tells. Rizal was greatly impressed by Morgas work that he, himself, decided to annotate it and publish a new edition. chiefs. Perhaps "to make peace" colonization that the Philippines rich culture and tradition faded to a certain extent. An early historian asserts that without this fortunate circumstance, for the Spaniards, it would have been impossible to subjugate them. Retana, 174*; see also Retana, 's edition of Martinez de Zuriga's Estadismo de las Islas Filipinos, II (Madrid, 1893), 278*.Google Scholar, 49. 4437; and Lorenzo Perez, OFM., Un Codice desconocido, relative a las islas Filipinas, Erudition Ibero-ultarmarina, Ano IV, nums. Yet these same Indians were defenseless against the balls from their muskets. Answer the following questions. of Romans, often quoted by Spaniard's, that they made a desert, calling it making He it was who saved Manila from Li Ma-hong. Ao 1609. Antonio Morga. These wars to gain the Moluccas, which soon were lost forever with the little that had been so laboriously obtained, were a heavy drain upon the Philippines. In the Spanish expedition to replace on its throne a Sirela or Malaela, as he is variously called, who had been driven out by his brother, more than fifteen hundred Filipino bowmen from the provinces of Pangasinan, Kagayan, and the Bisayas participated. May 15, 2017 Cebu, which Morga calls "The City of the Most Holy Name of Jesus," was at first called "The village of San Miguel.". Two days previously he had given a banquet, slaying for it a beef animal of his own, and then made the promise which he kept, to do away with the leader of the Spanish invaders. And if there are Christians in the Carolines, that is due to Protestants, whom neither the Roman Catholics of Morga's day nor many Catholics in our own day consider Christians. Antonio de Morga was an official of the colonial bureaucracy in Manila and could consequently draw upon much material that would otherwise have been inaccessible. (1971). All of these are touched on by Morga to a greater or lesser degree, and he also treats the appearance on the Asian scene of Dutch rivals to Spanish imperial ambitions. There were, moreover, men in the Philippines who had fought at Lepanto and whose presence in Asia may well have seemed symbolic (Retana, 79*; Castro, Osario, 33; Lorenzo Perez, OMF., Pr. Fort Santiago as his prison. residence. This was done by recreating the pre-Hispanic Philippine past, which knocked on the native's pride. The Spanish historians of the Philippines never overlook any opportunity, be it been preserved as from them it would have been possible to learn much of the Filipinos' a description of events from years 1493 to 1603. organized threads of history intertwined together to come up with a masterpiece containing practical day-to-day affairs of the islands. This was accomplished "without expense to the royal treasury." Rather than expose his two youngest children to the perils of the voyage Morga left them in Spain. A., Bibliography of Early Spanish Relations, Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan, XLIII, Pt. God grant that it may not be the last, though to judge by statistics the civilized islands are losing their populations at a terrible rate. 4154; 91, Item No. Later, there was talk of sabotage during these preparations two holes were bored in one of the ships one night, and it began to sink, and the sails were taken out and hidden in the woods. In the attempt made by Rodriguez de Figueroa to conquer Mindanao according to his contract with the King of Spain, there was fighting along the Rio Grande with the people called the Buhahayenes. voyages in cadence with the rowing, or at festivals, or funerals, or wherever there SJ., (Barcelona, 1904), three vols. we may add Portuguese, Italians, French, Greeks, and even Africans and Polynesians. This book By the Morga shows that the ancient Filipinos had army and navy with artillery and other Ana, with 122,000 gold pesos, a great quantity of rich textiles-silks, satins and damask, islands.. wrote to him and that was how their friendship began. 7. Location London Imprint Hakluyt Society DOI https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315611266 Pages 360 eBook ISBN 9781315611266 Subjects Humanities Share Citation ABSTRACT
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